压力管理培训对精神科护士心理健康及压力应对方式的影响

Effect of stress management training on coping style and psychological health state of psychiatric nurses

目的探讨压力管理培训对精神科护士心理健康及压力应对方式的影响。方法对北京市某三级甲等精神专科医院92名护士进行压力管理培训，于培训前和培训后1周分别采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）及压力应对方式（CSQ）问卷进行评定。结果压力管理培训前SCL-90中躯体化因子得分为（1．63±0．48）分，高于国内常模（1．37±0．48）分，差异有统计学意义（t=7．58，P〈0．01），培训后得分为（1．40±0．33）分，与常模比较差异无统计学意义（t=0．96，P〉0．05），培训前后得分比较差异有统计学意义（t=6．96，P〈0．01）；SCL-90中其他因子在培训前得分除恐怖、偏执因子外均显著高于国内常模（P〈0．05），培训后得分与国内常模比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05），培训后各因子得分均低于培训前，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。在应对方式问卷培训前后自身对照，培训后解决问题、求助因子得分均比培训前提高（P〈0．05），幻想、退避的因子得分均比培训前降低（P〈0．01）。结论对精神科护士进行压力管理培训可提高其心理健康水平，有助于其采取有效的压力应对方式。

Objective To explore the effects of stress management training on coping style and psychological health state of psychiatric nurses. Methods Ninety-two psychiatric nurses from a certain threeleveled specialty psychiatric hospital in Beijing were received stress management training, and they were evaluated with Symptom Checklist （SCL-90） and Coping Style Questionnaire （CSQ） one week before and after the training. Results Before the training, somatization in SCL-90 was （ 1.63 ± 0.48 ）, higher than national norms （ 1.37 ± 0.48 ） （ t = 7.58 ;P 〈 0. 01 ）, after the training the score was （ 1.40 ± 0.33 ）, compared with the national norms there was no significant （ t = 0. 96, P 〉 0. 05 ）, lower than before the training （ t = 6. 96, P 〈 0.01 ） ; After the training, the scores of problem-solving and asking for help in the CSQ increased obviously, while those of paranoid ideation and avoidance decreased significantly （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusions Stress management training could improve psychiatric nurses＇ stress coping ability and facilitate them to adopt effective coping skills.