地震重灾区民警灾后两年的PTSD症状及与抑郁的相关性

PTSD Symptoms and Its Correlation to Depression of Policemen in Severe Disaster Area Two Years after the Earthquake

目的调查和了解各地震重灾区民警的创伤后应激紊乱(PTSD)症状的分布和特点,以及与抑郁的相关程度,为相应的心理援助和公安队伍建设工作提供实证依据。方法使用创伤后应激障碍症状清单平民版(PCL-C)和抑郁自评量表(SDS),在绵竹、什邡、北川、青川,剑阁县市公安局随机抽取一线民警作为调查对象。结果地震重灾区民警具有较明显的PTSD症状,可以筛查为阳性的有22.6%;50岁以上的民警的PTSD症状较为突出;北川的PCL-C总均分以43.06显著高于其他地区(P<0.05);地震重灾区民警PTSD病状与抑郁症状呈显著相关(P<0.01)。结论①呈灾情越严重的地区的民警PTSD症状越严重的趋势;②呈年龄越大PTSD症状越严重的趋势,50岁以上年龄组较为突出;③PTSD的3组特征性症状中,警觉症状的均分值较其他2组症状要高,北川在3组特异性症状和PCL-C总分上均显著高于其他地区;④地震重灾区民警PTSD症状与抑郁症状的相关程度高,二者共病的可能性较大。

[Objective]To investigate and understand the distribution and characteristics of posttraumatic stress disorder（PTSD） among policemen in severe disaster area of earthquake,and its correlation to depression,provide the demonstrative evidences for the mental aids and staff enhancement of policemen.[Methods]PCL-C and SDS were adopted,and the front-line policemen were sampled randomly from public security bureau in Mianzhu,Shifang,Beichuan,Qingchuan and Jiange.[Results]The policemen in severe disaster area of earthquake had the obvious PTSD symptoms with the positive rate of 22.6%.The PTSD symptom of policemen over 50 years old was serious.The total average score of PCL-C of Beichuan（43.06） was significantly higher than that of other counties（P〈0.05）.The PTSD symptoms of policemen in severe disaster area of earthquake had a significant correlation with the depression symptoms（P〈0.01）.[Conclusion]①The degree of PTSD symptoms of policemen increased with the disaster situation.②The degree of PTSD symptoms increased with age,and the symptoms of policemen over 50 years old was serious comparatively.③ Among three typical symptoms of PTSD,the average PCL-C score of the alertness symptom was higher than that of other two symptoms.The three typical symptoms and the total PCL-C score of Beichuan were significantly higher than that of other counties.④The PTSD symptoms of policemen in severe disaster area of earthquake had a significant correlation with the depression symptoms,and there are more possibilities for coexistence of two diseases.