广州市海珠区青少年健康危险行为调查

Investigation on Health Risk Behaviors of Adolescents in Haizhu District of Guangzhou City

目的了解广州市海珠区青少年健康危险行为现状。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,随机抽取该区大、中学在校学生801名,采用广州市青少年健康危险行为调查问卷进行调查。结果海珠区青少年过去7 d内吃路边摊、西式快餐、甜食和偏食发生率为33.21%、21.60%、16.35%和29.59%;过去30 d减肥报告率达61.92%,其中锻炼减肥51.44%,节食减肥27.34%;大学生每周运动较少（8.60%~20.79%）,上网报告率较高（89.25%）;中学生体育活动报告率（32.95%~63.33%）和课外学习报告率（75.10%~81.56%）较高;骑自行车违规率为15.05%;过去1 a到过非安全场所游泳发生率7.62%,中学生离家出走意念报告率24.71%,自杀意念报告率7.74%,青少年学习压力重、斗殴、安全没保障报告率分别为21.47%、13.23%和12.86%;尝试吸烟和近期饮酒报告率分别为22.97%和28.96%;曾经使用过毒品和镇静催眠类药物报告率为6.74%和5.87%;高中生和大学生边缘性行为和性行为发生率分别为34.10%、55.20%和4.60%、5.02%。各种健康危险行为中,不同性别及不同学习阶段学生间差异大多有统计学意义。结论广州市海珠区青少年健康危险行为不容忽视,应积极采取综合管理措施,预防和减少其发生。

[Objective]To understand the current status about risk behaviors 0f adolescents in Haizhu District of Guangzhou City.[Methods]Based on multistage sampling method,801 students from middle schools and universities in Haizhu District were selected and surveyed by questionnaire of Guangzhou City Youth Health Risk Behaviors.[Results]It was found that rate of risk behaviors were reported as the following： eating at street vendor（33.21%）,western fast-food（21.60%）,sweet kinds of food（16.35%）,food preference（29.59%）;weight loss（61.92%）,including reducing weight by exercise（51.44%）,by diet（27.34%）;lower exercise rate of college students weekly（8.60%~20.79%）;high reporting rates of internet（89.25%）,followed by sports activities（32.95%~63.33%） and extra learning（75.10%~81.56%） among high school students;rate of violating traffic rules when riding bicycles（15.05%）,swimming at unsafe places in past 1 year（7.62%）,thoughts of away from home（24.71%）,suicide ideation（7.74%）,respectively;learn pressure（13.23%）,fights（21.47%）,no security guarantee（12.86%） in teenagers;smoking-attempting（22.97%）,recent drinking（28.96%）;ever drugs usage（6.74%） and sedative and hypnotic drugs usage（5.87%）;marginal sexual behavior and sexual behavior in high school students and college students of 34.10%,55.20%;4.60%,5.02% respectively.Significant differences of various sorts of health risk behaviors existed between students with different genders and learning stages.[Conclusion]Health risk behaviors of adolescents can not be ignored in Haizhou District of Guangzhou City.It is necessary to adopt integrated managements to prevent and reduce its occurrence.