农民工及其企业管理者职业病防治知识和意识及行为的调查

Investigation on Knowledge,Awareness and Behavior of Migrant Workers about Occupational Disease Prevention

目的为了解农民工职业病防治知识、意识及行为现状,探索行之有效的干预措施。方法设计"职业健康知识调查问卷",面对面地调查248名农民工和174名企业管理者。结果农民工对新闻媒体的关注度以电视最高(51.63%),广播最低(6.47%);35.68%的农民工没有职业卫生培训经历,48.19%的企业仅对员工进行简单培训,50.25%的农民工职业病防治知识来自媒体,仅37.69%来自单位;54.95%的农民工不知道可能导致的职业病危害后果,47.10%的企业管理者不能正确了解个人防护用品;73.39%的农民工听说过《中华人民共和国职业病防治法,》44.35%不熟悉具体内容;92.34%的农民工人关注工作对健康的影响,46.31%的农民工冬季坚持开窗,62.35%班后会及时洗澡。结论应多渠道地开展农民工健康教育工作,落实企业的主体责任,提高农民工职业病防治知识,牢固树立防治意识,并转化为工作中的良好卫生行为。

To understand the migrant workers＇ knowledge,awareness and behavior about occupational disease prevention,and explore effective interventions.[Methods]＂Occupational health knowledge questionnaire＂ was designed to investigate 248 migrant workers and 174 managers face to face.[Results] 51.63% of the migrant workers were often watching television,only 6.47% regularly listen to the radio;35.68% of the migrant workers received no training in occupational health,48.19% of the enterprises provided simple trainings on migrant workers;50.25% of the migrant workers obtained their occupational health knowledge from the media,only 37.69% obtained that knowledge from the enterprises;54.95% of the migrant workers did not know the consequences that might result from occupational hazards,47.10% of managers had incorrect understand of personal protection articles;73.39% of the migrant workers had heard of the ＂ Code of Occupational Disease Prevention of PRC,＂ but 44.35% of them were not familiar with the contents;92.34% were concerned about the health effects of work,46.31% adhered to open the window in winter,62.35% promptly took a bath after work.[Conclusion]Multi-channel should be taken for health education of migrant workers.It is necessary to give full play to the main responsibility of enterprises,to improve the occupational health knowledge of migrant workers,foster the awareness of prevention of occupational diseases and translate into the behavior of good hygiene habits.