再造罗马：晚期罗马多神教知识精英的历史叙述

Rejuvenating Rome:Historical Narratives of Polytheistic Intellectuals in the Late Roman Empire

作为公元4—5世纪罗马帝国的多神教知识精英,朱利安、里巴尼乌斯、阿米安、攸纳皮乌斯、克劳迪安、奥林匹奥多鲁斯等六位作家在表达各自历史观念的作品中不约而同地采取了高度相似的叙述模式。他们以罗马城为帝国的文化象征,赞美罗马往昔的文治武功,谴责当前的道德没落,坚信某位杰出的精英人物能够带领罗马再造辉煌。这种"再造罗马"的模式继承了帝国早期的意识形态传统,并在基督教势力相对忽视世俗历史的背景下得以生存。这些多神教知识精英的历史撰述为后世留下了重要遗产,它们反映了古典文化的强大生命力,并与同时代的基督教文化产生了互动,对中世纪基督教政治理论和历史观的形成起到了推动作用。

In terms of the expression of historical concepts,the works of six authors from the pagan intellectual elite of the fourth-fifth century Roman Empire-Julian,Libanius,Ammianus Marcellinus,Eunapius,Claudian,Olympiodorus-inevitably show a highly similar narrative pattern.Taking the city of Rome as a symbol of imperial culture,they praised her past cultural and military achievements and condemned the current moral decline.They were firmly convinced that some outstanding member of the elite could lead Rome to recreate her former glory.This model of 'rejuvenating Rome' inherited the ideological tradition of the early empire and kept it alive despite the relatively neglect of secular history by Christian forces.The historical narratives of the pagan intellectual elites left a significant legacy for future generations,reflecting the great vitality of classical culture and its interaction with the Christian culture of the time,and promoted the formation of medieval Christian political theories and views of history.