高尔夫球场农药环境行为及污染影响研究

Environmental behavior and pollution effects of two pesticides,chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin in Golf course

选择氯氰菊酯和毒死蜱,研究农药在高尔夫球场草坪生态系统中的环境行为,探讨农药向大气挥发,随地表径流迁移状况,在土壤中淋溶和降解特性,及其对环境的污染影响。研究发现,农药污染程度与农药性质和用药条件极其相关,毒死蜱和氯氰菊酯的大气挥发率分别为7.20%和0.78%,径流迁移量分别为20.51%和15.19%。土壤降解率达90%,毒死蜱需8 d,而氯氰菊酯要15 d以上。因此,为减轻草坪生态系统中的农药污染及其损失,应选择性用药,合理控制施药条件。

In the present study,we investigated that environmental behavior of two pesticides,chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin,including volatilization,transference with surface runoff,eluviations and degradation in soil and analyzed their effects on environmental pollution,in the ecosystem of golf course by field experiment.Our results showed that the volatilization rates of cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos in air were 7.20% and 0.78%,respectively.The loss rates with runoff water were 20.51 % and 15.19%,respectively.The degradation rate of chlorpyrifos was 93.8% on 8 days,and the rate of cypermethrin was 90.5% on 15 days after treatments.Our results suggested that the fate and application conditions of two pesticides in lawn ecosystem and will be help to reduce environmental pollution and pesticide impact on human health.