环境规制、区际产业转移与污染避难所效应——基于省级面板Poisson模型的实证分析

Environment Regulation,Interregional Industry Transfer and Pollution Heaven Effect in China——Empirical Analysis Based on Provincial Panel Poisson Model

首先构建了一个解释污染避难所效应的理论模型,并提出了若干假设。然后,采用2004年到2008年转移产业中新建企业的面板数据,借助反映企业区位决策的Poisson模型,证实了中国区际产业转移中确实存在污染避难所效应。最后表明,环境规制对重污染型新建企业的影响要大于对轻污染型新建企业的影响,且该影响会随着企业资本密度的提高而降低。此外,环境规制对中部地区的影响要比对西部地区的影响大。

Pollution heaven effect means that environment regulation have significant impact on firm＇s location decision.This paper constructs a theoretical model to explain the effect,and made a Poisson regression model using the panel data of newborn firms in transferring industries at central and western areas in China from 2004 to 2008 to test the existence of Pollution Heaven Effect（PHE）.The empirical results show that the influence is significant,that is to say,PHE exists in the interregional industry transfer process in China.Further analysis finds that the influence of environment regulation on heavy pollution firm＇s location decision is more significant than on less pollution firm＇s location decision,and the impact on capital-saving newborn firms is more significant than capital-intensive newborn firms.These conclusions provide the country level＇s evidence to the puzzle of PHE,and are meaningful to the Chinese government in making industry policy.