抑郁青少年父母亲职压力及其相关因素的研究

Parenting Stress and Related Factors in Parents of Adolescence with Depression.

目的了解广州市在校抑郁青少年父母亲职压力情况,并探讨其亲职压力的影响因素。方法以贝克抑郁自评问卷(BDI)、亲职压力36项简表PSI-SF和家庭功能评定量表(FAD)为工具对220名中小学生及其父母进行调查。结果 1抑郁情绪组在亲职压力总分(F=5.63,P=0.004)及亲子互动失调(F=4.71,P=0.01)和困难孩子维度(F=7.24,P=0.001)的得分高于正常对照组;2单因素分析显示:家庭人均月收入少、父母受教育程度低的抑郁青少年,其父母亲职压力高(P<0.01);3抑郁青少年父母的亲职压力与家庭功能的角色(r=-0.572)、情感反应(r=-0.364)、情感介入(r=-0.549)、行为控制(r=-0.386)以及总功能(r=-0.292)均呈显著负相关(P<0.01);4多元回归分析结果显示:抑郁青少年的家庭功能的角色、情感介入、情感反应和家庭月均收入进入了亲职压力的回归方程,解释了总变异的49.6%。结论抑郁青少年父母普遍存在较高水平的亲职压力,其亲职压力受多种因素影响。

Objective To comprehend the parental pressure of adolescent with depression in school in Guangzhou and explore the related factors of parental stress.Methods A total of 220 adolescent with depression and their parents were investigated with the Beck Depression Inventory,Parenting Stress Index-Short Form（including three domains of parental distress,difficult child and parent-child dysfunctional interaction） and family function assessment questionnaire（FAD）.Results ①The parents of depression group scored higher than the normal control group significantly in the total score of parenting stress（F=5.63,P=0.004）and the domains in parent-child dysfunctional interaction（F=4.71,P=0.01）and difficult child（F=7.24,P=0.001）.②Univariate analysis showed that the parenting stress scores of depression group were significantly higher in the parents of less average monthly household income and lower parental level of education（P〈0.01）.③The total scores of parenting stress and the role （r=-0.57）,affective response（r=-0.36）,affective involvement（r=-0.55）,behavioral control（r=-0.39）and the general function（r=-0.29） of family function were significantly negative correlation（P〈0.01） in parents of adolescent with depression.④Multiple regression analysis showed that the role,affective involvement,affective response of family function and the average monthly household income of parenting stress entered into the regression equation and explained 49.6% of the total variance.Conclusion High levels of parenting stress are commonly presented in parents of adolescent with depression and affected by many factors.