云南省洱海流域农业生态补偿机制研究

Study on Agricultural Eco-Compensation Mechanism in Erhai Catchment,Yunnan province

围绕洱海流域种植业产业结构调整、畜禽废弃物资源化利用问题,依托项目示范对农业生态补偿机制进行研究。以大理州政府为补偿主体,示范区内农户为补偿对象,结合资金补贴、技物补偿、智力扶持等补偿途径,开展测土配方施肥、发酵床生态养猪、稻田养鱼、牛粪秸秆混种双孢菇等典型农业生态补偿模式研究,提出了1套农业生态补偿办法。针对补贴力度不足、补贴涵盖领域窄、缺少科学评估方法等问题,分别从政策立法、项目实施、理论研究、试点示范4个层面提出逐步构建洱海流域农业生态补偿机制的建议。

Regarding to the problems including structural adjustment of farming industry and livestock and poultry waste recycling utilization in Erhai catchment,agro-ecological compensation mechanism was studied based on the project demonstration.With compensated subject of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture while taking the farmer households as compensated objects,integrated with capital subsidy,technical material compensation and intellectual support as approaches,typical agro-ecological compensation modes,such as covered soil testing and formulated fertilization,swine eco-breeding with fermentation bed,fish cultivation in rice field,Agaricus bisporus cultivation mixed with cow dung and straws,were probed so that a set of agricultural eco-compensation ways were proposed.With respect to the problems of insufficient subsidy force,limited fields,lacking of scientific evaluation methods,the suggestion about gradually setting up the agro-ecological compensation mechanism in Erhai catchment was put forward from 4 levels on policy and legislation,project implementation,theory research and pilot demonstration.