金花茶叶中叶绿素的提取工艺及稳定性研究

Research on Extraction Process and Stability of Chlorophyll from Leaves of Camellia chrysantha(Hu) Tuyama.

[目的]研究金花茶叶中叶绿素的提取方法及温度、pH、光照等对叶绿素稳定性的影响。[方法]采用单因素试验和正交试验分别考察了提取溶剂种类、提取温度、提取时间、料液比对金花茶叶叶绿素提取的影响。此外,从光照时间、温度和pH三个方面来研究叶绿素稳定性。[结果]金花茶叶叶绿素提取的最佳工艺条件为:提取剂为95%乙醇和丙酮的混合液(V/,V 1∶1),提取温度为50℃,料液比为1∶50,提取时间为3.0 h。影响金花茶叶叶绿素提取效率的主次因素顺序是,提取温度>提取时间>料液比,而以超声波辅助提取更有优势。叶绿素在高温、强酸、强碱和光照下很不稳定。[结论]该方法简便、准确、高效,可用于金花茶中叶绿素的提取。

[Objective] To study the extraction process of chlorophyll from leaves of Camellia chrysantha（Hu） Tuyama.and effects of temperature,pH value and illumination time on the stability of chlorophyll.[Method] Effects of solvent type,extraction temperature,extraction time and solid-liquid ratio on the extraction of chlorophyll from Camellia chrysantha（Hu） Tuyama.leaves were investigated by orthogonal test design and single factor experiments.The stability of chlorophyll was investigated from 3 aspects including temperature,pH value and illumination time.[Result] The optimum extraction conditions of chlorophyll from Camellia chrysantha（Hu） Tuyama.leaves were as follows： extraction solvent of 95% ethanol and acetone in 1∶1 volume ratio,extraction temperature of 50 ℃,solid-liquid ratio of 1∶50 and extraction time of 3 h.The order of factors affecting the extraction of chlorophyll was extraction temperatureextraction timesolid-liquid ratio.Ultrasonic-assisted extraction had more advantage.Chlorophyll was unstable in condition of high temperature,strong acid,strong alkali and light.[Conclusion]The method used in this paper was simple,accurate and efficient that can be used for the extraction of chlorophyll from Camellia chrysantha（Hu） Tuyama leavesf.