土壤粒度对石油微生物降解行为的影响

Effect of Soil Particle on Petroleum Microorganism Biodegradation Process

[目的]探究生物降解石油污染土壤过程中土壤组成粒度与有机物之间的各种相互作用。[方法]对用石油污染土壤的不同来源（土层深度不同）不同土壤粒度（〈63μm;63~2 000μm）进行生物降解试验。[结果]新污染的浅层土壤石油碳氢化合物（TPH）的降解率达到52.2%,而深层土壤内的TPH降解率较低。污染时间较长的土壤TPH降解率较新污染的土壤要低很多。在所有试验中,正烷烃都已耗尽。随着土壤老化,浅层土壤生物降解效果明显,大颗粒土壤几乎没有被降解。经GC-FID分析,平衡碳原子数（ECN）〉15~20的TPH难以降解。这种现象在深层土壤中比浅层土壤中更明显,说明土龄影响化合物成分的分布;老化的土壤具有相同成分：高分子结构ECN〉15。[结论]该研究为石油污染土壤生物修复过程中石油微生物的利用提供参考。

[Objective] The paper aimed to investigate the interactions occurring between soil particle and organic chemicals in petroleum bioremediation in soil.[Method] Bioremediation of particle soil（63 μm;63-2 000 μm） from different source was tested.[Result] TPH of new polluted soil was removed by 52.2%,and the TPH of deep soil was not removed effectively.Alkane were exhausted in all tests.The biodegradation on surface soil was obviously with soil aging.GC-FID analysis indicated TPH with ECN15-20 was difficult to be degraded,which was more obvious in deep oil than surface soil,indicating that the age of soil influenced the distribution of organic chemicals.In addition,the aged soil had the identical composition high molecular structure ECN15.[Conclusion] The study provided reference for the application of petroleum microorganism in bioremediation of soil polluted by petroleum.