我国农产品物流现状及第三方物流模式的建立

The Status Quo of Chinese Agro-products Logistics and the Establishment of the Third-Party Logistics Mode

从流通模式、交易方式、仓储运输条件、信息流通方式、食品安全保障5个方面分析了我国农产品物流的发展现状,指出其存在以下问题:流通环节过多,时效性差;交付方式单一,流通速度缓慢;信息处理滞后,"牛鞭效应"明显,物流效率低;物流技术水平较低,专业设备不足,标准化程度较低;运营模式组织化、规模化程度较低。建立了农产品第三方物流模式并分析了该模式的优势:通过整合流通环节、建立信息网络,加速农产品周转;通过配备专业化设备、制定作业规范,保障农产品品质;通过加强供应链各节点专业分工,提高整个链条的核心竞争力;通过形成规模经济、降低物流成本,增加产品多样性;通过形成契约化关系,明晰权责,实现供应链利益一体化。提出了农产品第三方物流体系建立的实施策略:全面确立社会化物流服务的意识和观念;加强对农产品第三方物流企业的扶持;注重农产品物流专业人才培养;积极运用多种现代营销手段。

The status quo of Chinese agro-products logistics is analyzed from the following five aspects： the circulation mode,exchange mode,storage and transportation situation,food safety security.The following problems in Chinese agro-products logistics are pointed out,including excessive circulation sections,bad time efficiency,single payment,slow circulation,backward information processing,obvious bullwhip effect,low logistics efficiency,low logistics technology,inadequate professional equipments,low standardization degree,organized operation mode and low degree of scale.The third-party logistics mode of agro-products is analyzed and the advantages of the mode are analyzed as well.Firstly,establishing information network through integrating circulation section to accelerate the circulation of agro-products;secondly,making the operation norms by providing professional equipments to secure the quality of agricultural products;thirdly,improving the core competitiveness of the whole logistics chain by intensifying specialized work division in each section of the supply chain;fourthly,through forming scale economy to reduce logistics costs and increase the diversity of products;fifthly,through signing contracts to clarify duties and responsibilities and materialize the profit integration of the supply chain.The measures for establishing the third-party logistics of agro-products are put forward,including establish the awareness and concept of socialized logistics services;intensify the support on the third-party logistics enterprises of agro-products;lay stress on the cultivation of logistics talents of agro-products;and vigorously apply the modern marketing means.