不确定需求下基于电力供应链协调的发电商回购策略

Generators' Buy Back Strategies Based on Electricity Supply Chain Coordination with Uncertain Demands

当前大用户直购电的推行使得用户获得了用电选择权。用户选择权的开放赋予了用户和发电商进行谈判的权力,同时也带给发电商通过采取一定的售电策略去降低风险、获取更大利润的空间。文中基于电力供应链协调的回购机制,对不确定需求下发电商的售电策略进行了分析,提出了发电商根据供应链整体最优原则确定批发价的方法,以及促使购电商的订购量达到供应链整体最优时的发电商回购策略。算例分析表明,所提出的回购策略能够保证购售双方均能增加利润、降低风险,且切实可行。

At present,the implementation of direct power purchase by large consumers allows the consumers to choose freely and also motivates the generators to take proper price-making strategy for the contract with large consumers on the power purchase.With demand uncertainty,the pricing strategy of the generator will affect the order of power purchasers.A coordination mechanism of electricity supply chain based on the cooperative game is proposed to make the buyer and seller undertake the risk of quantity deviation between the actual demand and contract quantity together.Moreover,the pricing strategy which is made to maximize profits of the supply chain can stimulate power purchasers to take the initiative in choosing purchase strategies which benefit the generators,and also increase the benefit of trade.Simulation results show that the model proposed is practical and feasible,and that it can achieve Pareto optimality in an electricity market.