不同蛋白原料对肥育鹅营养物质代谢及盲肠微生物的影响

Effects of dietary protein sources on the nutrients metabolic and caecum microorganism in fattening geese

为了研究不同蛋白来源对肥育鹅营养物质代谢及盲肠内容物主要微生态菌群的影响,试验选择300只56日龄体重为2 412.85(±68.37)g的豁眼鹅,以鱼粉、血粉、膨化血粉作为蛋白来源,按着等氮、等能的原则随机分为3个组,每组设5次重复,每次重复20只鹅,进行为期14 d的试验。结果显示:鱼粉组营养物质的代谢率略高于膨化血粉组,但差异不显著(P>0.05);膨化血粉组和鱼粉组NDF、EE、CP的表观代谢指标显著高于血粉组(P<0.05);鱼粉组CF、ADF、ME的表观代谢率显著高于血粉组。鱼粉组(3.0%)乳酸菌和双歧杆菌的数量均高于其他组,而大肠杆菌的数量却最低;血粉组(3.0%)乳酸菌和双歧杆菌的数量均低于其他组,而大肠杆菌的数量在3种处理中最高;鱼粉组(3.0%)与膨化血粉组(3.0%)相比较在以上3种细菌的数量上最为接近。研究结果表明,在肥育鹅的基础日粮中添加3.0%鱼粉或3.0%膨化血粉具有较好的应用效果,膨化血粉在肥育鹅日粮中可以代替相同水平的鱼粉,且其效果要明显优于普通血粉。

The objective of this experiment was to study the effects of dietary protein sources on the nutrients metabolic and caecum microorganism in fattening geese.300 huoyan geese（2412.85±68.37 g BW,56 d of age） were randomly divided into three treatments with five replicates.The feeding experiment lasted for 14 days.The results showed that：（1） The nutrient apparent metabolic rate of the fish meal group was slightly higher than that of the expanded blood meal group,but there was no obvious difference between two groups（P0.05）.The NDF,EE and CP apparent metabolic rate of the fish meal group and the expanded blood meal group was significantly higher than that of the blood meal group（P0.05）.The CF,ADF and ME apparent metabolic rate of the fish meal group was significantly higher than that of the blood meal group.（2）The number of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria in fish meal group were higher than other groups,but has the lowest number of E.coli in the three groups.The number of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacterium in blood group were lower than the other group,but had the highest number of E.coli.There was no obvious difference between the fish meal group and the expanded blood meal.Combined all indexes,the 3.0% expanded blood meal can replace 3.0% the fish meal in the diets of the growing huoyan geese in this test.