四大家鱼微卫星标记的筛选及其在物种鉴定中的应用

Isolation of microsatellite markers in four domestic fishes and their application in the species identification

采用132对微卫星（SSR）引物分别对四大家鱼基因组DNA进行PCR扩增筛选,共获得12个特异性标记可作为四大家鱼的鉴定位点,其中青鱼6个（HL13、Q3214、BL12、Q3191-1、hljy2526、Q3205）、草鱼3个（Q3205、C3210、C41926）、鲢鱼3个（hljy2526、L718-2、L30814）、鳙鱼2个（Y11534、Y666）。用这些微卫星标记对2006年肇庆江段5-9月份采集的漂流性仔稚鱼（酒精保存样本）进行四大家鱼的识别,结果表明：四大家鱼在5、8月份所占的比例最大,分别为11.81%和22.8%,9月份次之,6、7月份比较少;在总量上,草鱼最多,青鱼最少,鉴定结果与形态鉴定基本一致,说明采用微卫星标记进行种类鉴定是可行的。

Twelve special loci were screened from 132 microsatellite primer pairs to distinguish four domestic fishes,including 6 differential loci of HL 13,Q3214,BL12,Q3191-1,hljy2526 and Q3205 in black crap,3 differential loci of Q3205,C3210 and C41926 in grass carp,3 differential loci of hljy2526,L718-2 and L30814 in silver carp and 2 differential loci of Y11534 and Y666 in big head carp,then apply these markers to identify four domestic fishes from larval fishes collected in Xijiang River,results showed that four domestic fishes dominant in May and August,followed by September,less in june and july,and the most were grass carp,the least were black carp.In the aggregate,indentification results consistented with the morphological identification,indicated that it was possible use microsatellite markers to identidy species.