烟台地区不同蛇龙珠营养系果实品质分析

Analysis of the fruit quality of different Cabernet Gernischt clones in Yantai district

调查研究发现,烟台地区蛇龙珠葡萄品种退化现象严重。为了筛选出果实品质优良的蛇龙珠葡萄品系,以蓬莱(YS1、YS2、YS3)、龙口(YS4)和莱州(YS5)5个蛇龙珠营养系为试材,分析了果实穗重、可溶性固形物含量、酸度、Vc含量及主要香气物质等指标。结果表明,5个营养系中,穗重排列顺序为YS2>YS3>YS4>YS1>YS5;可溶性固形物含量以YS1最高,为20.5%;可滴定酸含量YS2最高;Vc含量排列顺序为YS2>YS1>YS5>YS4>YS3。香气物质含量方面,醇类、醛类、酯类是5种营养系中共同的香气成分,其中醇类所占比重最高,其次为醛类、酯类化合物。在各营养系中,醇类化合物与酯类化合物均以YS3最高,醛类化合物以YS1最高,酮类、烯烃类和酸类化合物均以YS5最高,杂环类化合物含量以YS2最高;5种品系中均含有特异的香气成分。

The survey showed that grape cv. Cabernet Gernischt were found serious degradation phenomenon inYantai. In order to select the Cabernet Gernischt clones which can bear high quality berry, the cluster weight, soluble solid, titratable acid, Vc and aromatic composition of five Cabernet Gernischt clones grown in Penglai, Longkou and Laizhou were analyzed for evaluation. The result indicated that the clone of YS1 had the highest soluble solid content （20.5%）. The titratable acid content of clone YS2 was of the highest level. The Vc contents in berry of the five clones were in a descending order of YS2〉YS I〉YS5〉YS4〉YS3, and the average fruit cluster weights for the clone were YS2 〉YS3 〉YS4 〉YSI〉 YS5. The five Cabernet Gernischt clones had the same aromatic composition, including alcohols, aldehydes, and esters, among which alcohols had the highest quantity followed by aldehydes and Esters. In these clones, YS3 had the highest quantity of alcohols and aldehydes, while highest quantity of esters in YS1, and similar YS2 did in the contents of ketones, hydrocarbons and Acids, All the five Cabernet Gernischt clones had particular aromatic components.