网上侦查与公民隐私权保护之衡平

The Balance between Online Investigation and Citizen's Privacy Protection

互联网所创造的无边界的虚拟空间催生着侦查信息化的发展,使侦查方式由传统趋于现代。侦查的核心是信息,而互联网恰能让各种与侦查相关的信息得到高效的管理和应用,进而提高办案效率。运用网络信息侦查破案已成为诸多国家刑事侦查的重要途径。然而,当网络监控、网络通缉、IP地址查找、网络侦查陷阱等一系列高科技的侦查手段赋予侦查机关强大的侦破能力时,公民的隐私权却遭受着前所未有的打击。网上侦查与公民隐私权存在着天然的冲突性,但二者又必须在控制犯罪与保障人权、实体真实与程序正义的相互冲突的价值之间寻求动态的平衡。

The boundless virtual space created by internet hastened the development of investigation informalization,which makes the traditional investigation forms become modern one.The center of investigation is information,and the internet can make the information related to investigation get efficient management and application,which further improves the efficiency of dealing with cases.Using the internet information to investigate and crack a criminal case has become the important way to investigate in many countries.However,when internet monitoring,online wanted,IP checking,online investigation trap and other high-tech methods are authorized by the public security departments,the citizen＇s privacy right is stroked hitherto unknown.The online investigation naturally collides with the citizen＇s privacy right,but the two sides must pursue the dynamic balance between criminal controlling and human rights protection,substantial reality and procedural justice.