海南槟榔园土壤营养成分调查与评价

Investigation and evaluation of soil nutrients of Areca catechu in Hainan

在海南五大槟榔主产地,采集不同种植年限和不同区域的土壤样品。运用常规分析方法,调查和评价槟榔土壤中的营养成分。结果表明:有机质21.14(±9.40)g/kg达到Ⅰ级优良水平;全氮0.10(±0.04)%列为Ⅱ级尚可水平;全磷0.09(±0.10)%列为丰富水平,但变异系数较大;全钾1.57(±1.29)%列为中等水平,但变异系数较大;阳离子交换量7.96(±3.98)me/100g列为Ⅲ级较差水平,这是导致槟榔土壤退化的原因之一。不同地区槟榔土壤营养成分差异十分显著,并且分布不均匀:有机质贫缺比例高达38.75%,全氮贫缺比例高达42.05%,全磷贫缺比例高达51.71%,全钾贫缺比例高达58.13%。不同种植年限槟榔土壤营养成分差异也十分显著,在一定程度上,随着种植年限的延长,土壤肥力有下降趋势。

In five main producing area of Areca catechu of Hainan,collecting soil samples from different planting years and different regions.Using conventional analysis methods,survey and evaluation soil nutrients of Areca catechu.The results showed that organic matter：21.14（± 9.40）g/kg was classified as good levels of grade Ⅰ,and total nitrogen 0.10（± 0.04）% was classified as the general level of grade Ⅱ,and total P 0.09（±0.10）% was classified as a level of rich,but the larger the coefficient of variation,and total K 1.57（±1.29）% was classified as medium level,but the larger the coefficient of variation,and cation exchange capacity of 7.96（±3.98）me/100g was classified as poor grade Ⅲ level,this was a one of the causes of soil degradation of Areca catechu.Soil nutrients of Areca catechu in different parts was a significant difference,and the uneven distribution,and the proportion of organic matter-poor up to 38.75 percent,and nitrogen-poor ratio as high as 42.05 percent,and phosphorus-poor ratio as high as 51.71 percent,and potassium-poor ratio as high as 58.13 percent.Soil nutrients of Areca catechu from different planting years were also very significant differences,to some extent,indicated that with the extension of planting years,soil fertility declined.