氮肥运筹对黄河沙滩地优质麦叶片硝酸还原酶活性的影响

Effect of nitrogen application on NRA of leaf in strong gluten wheat cultivated on sand beach soil of Huanghe River

以郑麦9023和豫麦34两个强筋优质小麦品种为材料,采用盆栽试验,探索黄河沙滩地土质条件下氮肥运筹对优质小麦叶片硝酸还原酶(NR)活性的影响。结果表明:这两个不同基因型优质小麦叶片NR活性变化趋势基本一致,即从苗期到开花期都呈逐渐上升趋势,在开花期达到最大,之后又逐渐下降;不同施氮处理间的NR活性在小麦生育前期差异不大,而在生育后期以N3处理的叶片NRA最高,而且籽粒中蛋白质含量也最高,这表明黄河沙滩地土质条件下栽培优质小麦应适当延迟追氮时期、追氮量一致情况下分多次施氮可在不同程度上增强优质小麦中后期叶片NRA,提高氮素同化效率,延长籽粒灌浆时间,从而达到高产、优质目的。

Taking Zhengmai9023 and Yumai34 as materials,this study was done by pot experimentation.The results showed the change of NRA of leaf had similar trend in the two cultivars.The leaf NRA presents rising trend gradually from seeding stage to flowering stage.The peak of leaf NRA occurred at flowering stage,and then declined gradually.The difference of leaf NRA among earlier live stage of wheat was not prominence,but leaf NRA of N3 treatment was the highest in later live stage of wheat and the same to the content of protein in kernel.That suggested,as for strong gluten wheat cultivated on sand beach soil of Huanghe River,postponing nitrogen application suitably and nitrogen application time after time at the same quantity of top-dressing nitrogen could increase the NRA,improve the rate of nitrogen assimilation,extend the grouting time,raise the content of grain protein and yield.