正畸固定矫治器对牙龈指数和口腔卫生指数的影响

Effect of fixed appliance on gingival index and oral hygiene index in gingivitis

目的探讨临床正畸治疗中患者并发牙龈炎的原因以及预防方法。方法选取临床固定矫治患者126例,年龄12～28岁,平均(17.6±0.8)岁,分别在患者戴用固定矫治器前及其后6个月检测其牙龈指数(GI),口腔卫生指数(OHI)。结果戴固定矫治器牙龈指数明显上升,与戴矫治器前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),说明在矫治过程中牙龈炎患病人数明显增加。而患者自身口腔卫生状况不佳和口内矫治器附件的不良刺激是导致牙龈炎的主要原因。结论 在固定正畸治疗期间,积极加强对患者的口腔卫生宣教,正畸医生在矫治过程中的耐心、仔细以及熟练的技术对于降低正畸治疗中牙龈炎的发生都有积极的作用。

Objective To determine the causes of gingivitis and prevention methods in fixed orthodontic patients.Methods 126 cases of fixed appliance were chosen in this study,aged 12-28 years old,the average age of（17.6±0.8） years old,respectively.Gingival index（GI） and oral hygiene index（OHI） were recorded for each individual patient,before fixed orthodontic appliances were inserted and the sixth month after insertion.Results It was found that there was significant higher GI in patients of the sixth month after orthodontic treatment（P0.01）.This indicates that the number of patients with gingival inflammation was increased during treatment.The main causes of gingivitis are their poor oral hygiene and noxious stimulation from fixed appliance.Conclusion The study suggests that dental health instruction as well as the skilled operation of the orthodontist can marked reduce the gingival inflammation in orthodontic patients,which should be related to a reduced risk of oral disease.