从生活事实到一般人格利益的法解释学基础——以“冒名上学”案中侵害客体的界定为分析对象

On Legal Interpretation Foundation from Life Facts to General Personality Interests——Analysis of the Infringed Object in the Case of "Getting Enrolled by College under Somebody Else's Name"

以齐玉苓案、罗彩霞案为代表的一系列"冒名上学"案引发了诸多争议。在私法中没有对应规范的背景下,以对侵害客体的合理界定为基础,通过法解释,对"权利"和"利益"在"事物本质"上类推,寻找法律所隐含的可予私法救济的利益之所在,发现可以与生活事实相对应的法律规范,从而将法律现实化为真正的行动。"冒名上学"行为所侵害的整体人格可以解释为一般人格利益中的人格独立,受教育机会可以解释为一般人格利益中的人格自由。

Many controversies arise from a series of cases on ＂getting enrolled by college under somebody else＇s name＂ such as the case of Qi Yuling and Luo Caixia.Considering the lack of corresponding private law norms,it is suggested to resort to legal interpretation on the basis of reasonably defining the infringed object.Since ＂rights＂ and ＂interests＂ can be analogized based on the ＂essence of matters＂,the pursuit of ＂interest＂ from private law remedy helps discover legal norms corresponding with the life facts so as to actualize legal norms into real action.The overall personality infringed by the above cases can be interpreted as the independence of personality in general personality interests,and the opportunity of accepting education may be explained as freedom of personality therein.