新型钨基面向等离子体材料的研究进展

Development of New Tungsten-based Materials as Plasma Facing Materials

纯钨应用于聚变堆中面向等离子体材料具有难加工、高的韧脆转变温度、低的再结晶温度等缺点,而钨基材料是一类具有广阔应用前景的面向等离子体材料,受到国内外的广泛研究。综述了采用氧化物颗粒弥散强化、碳化物颗粒弥散增强、合金化增强钨基材料和钨基复合材料等强化手段制备新型钨基面向等离子体材料的近年研究进展。采用相应的增强方法可使得钨基材料某些方面的性能得到提高,如显著提高抗弯强度、硬度和断裂韧性,具有较好的抗腐蚀性、延展性和抗冲击力等优点,但是在承受大的工作热负荷时,钨基材料仍会失效,尚需要继续进行相关材料的工艺、性能研究。

The pure tungsten used in plasma facing materials for fusion reactors has disadvantage of difficult macixining, high duetile-hrittle transition temperature and low recrystallization temperature, etc. Tungsten-base mate rial is a kind of broad application prospect of plasma facing materials, extensive research overseas and domestic. The preparation of new W-base plasma facing materials of the recent research progress is reviewed, using oxide dispersion strengthening, carbide particle dispersion enhanced, alloying enhance W-base materials and W base composite reinforcement method. The corresponding enhancement method allows certain aspects of W-base materials performance improved, such as the flexural strength, hardness and fracture toughness, and good corrosion resistance and resistance to impact ductility, but in the thermal load, w-base materials will still fails, the relevant materials need to continue be studied about the craft and the properties.