浅析美国联邦政府科研经费管理

Analysis of Federal R&D Funding Management in USA

作为财政研发投入最高的国家,美国在政府科研经费的管理方面建立了完善的管理制度。本文从政府科研经费管理的全过程——科技经费管理体制、研发预算编制、各部门研发经费管理、科技计划(项目)经费管理以及基于绩效的经费管理分析了美国政府科研经费的管理制度,从而为我国完善政府科技经费管理提供借鉴。

As the single largest financial R＆D funding country in the world, the USA has a mature system with regard to the management of federal R＆D funding. The paper analyses the U. S. the management policies of U. S. federal R＆D funding, which cover the federal R＆D funding management system, R＆D budget procedure, the role of main federal departments in the R＆D funding management, R＆D program management and the performance-based budgeting system, in order to provide references for our country.