专业护理实践环境与一般自我效能感对护士工作满意度的影响

The impact of professional nursing practice environment and general self-efficacy on nurses' job satisfaction

目的探讨专业护理实践环境、一般自我效能感、护士工作满意度三者之间的关系,为提高护士工作满意度提供理论依据。方法运用护士实践环境量表、一般自我效能感量表、明尼苏达工作满意度问卷,对天津市358名护士进行测评。结果分层回归分析表明,专业护理实践环境中的护士参与医院事务,优质护理的基础,护理管理者的能力、领导方式和对护士的支持,医护间的合作和一般自我效能感对护士工作满意度诸因子有显著的影响作用(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结构方程模型分析表明,专业护理实践环境和一般自我效能感对护士内在满意度均有显著影响(P<0.01),专业护理实践环境对一般自我效能感有显著影响(P<0.01),并可通过一般自我效能感的中介作用间接影响护士内在满意度(P<0.01)。结论护士工作满意度水平较低,管理者应积极改进护士工作环境中的不利因素,营造一个支持性的专业护理实践环境,同时增强护士的一般自我效能感,以提高护士工作满意度。

Objective To determine the relationship between professional nursing practice environment,general self-efficacy, and nurses＇ job satisfaction. Methods Totally 358 nurses in Tianjin were investigated with the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index ,General Self-Efficacy Scale and Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire. Results Hierarchical regression analysis showed that geneal self-efficacy and the subscales of nurses participation in hospital affairs,foundations for high quality nursing, ability and leadership of nurse manager,and supports for nurses ,nurse-physician cooperation in the professional nursing practice environment had a strong influence on nurses＇ job satisfaction（P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）. Structural equation modeling analysis showed that both professional nursing practice environment and general self-efficacy had positive effects on nurses＇ intrinsic satisfaction（P〈0.01 ）. The professional nursing practice environment had an influence on general self-efficacy（P〈0.01 ）. General self-efficacy mediated the relationship between professional nursing practice environment and nurses＇ intrinsic satisfaction（P〈 0.01）. Conclusions Nurses have a relatively low level of job satisfaction. Nurse managers should take actions to remove the negative factors in nurses＇ work environment,creat a supportive professional nursing practice environment,enhance nurses＇ general self-efficacy to increase nurses＇ job satisfaction.