维持性血液透析患者便秘情况的调查研究

Prevalence and influencing factors of constipation in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis

目的了解维持性血液透析患者便秘情况,分析其影响因素及采取相应的干预措施。方法采用自行设计的调查表,对本中心120例维持性血液透析患者进行问卷调查,评估其便秘情况及程度,分析便秘的影响因素。结果 61.17%维持性血液透析患者存在不同程度的便秘,且以中度便秘为主。高龄、糖尿病、透析超滤量大、卧床时间长均是其影响因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01或<0.05)。结论维持性血液透析患者普遍存在便秘,尤其在老年及糖尿病肾病透析患者中更为明显,且多为中重度便秘。透析前应进行评估与干预,避免因便秘造成超滤量设定高估而诱发透析低血压及其他心血管并发症的发生。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of constipation in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis,and to analyze its influencing factors in order to take appropriate intervention measures. Methods A total of 120 patients with maintenance hemodialysis were investigated with a self-designed questionnaire about the symptoms and degree of constipation. Results In these patients,61.17 percent of maintenance hemodialysis patients suffered from different degree of constipation. The risk factors of constipation were old age,diabetes, big uhrafiltration volume,and long bed time. Conclusions Constipation is prevalent in patients with maintenance hemodialysis,especially in patients with old age and diabetes. Nurses should evaluate and take measures to relieve the degree of constipation in order to avoid hypotension and other cardiovascular complications.