历史语境中的苏联马克思主义哲学范式

Philosophical Paradigm of Soviet Marxist Philosophy in the Historical Context

苏联马克思主义哲学范式的出现,不是某个人的主观意志的结果,而是一定历史条件下的产物,而对它的评价也不能脱离对时代的认识。苏联马克思主义哲学的基本内容是辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义,它的基本特点是强调客观性、科学性、必然性和可知性,它的社会功能是为无产阶级和党的事业服务。这些内容、特点和社会功能是同苏联独特的国情、社会实践需要以及民族文化特征紧密联系在一起的。追寻苏联马克思主义哲学的历史,不能仅从其形成过程去考察,而应将其置于苏联独特的社会政治、文化背景中去考察;只有这样,我们才能对苏联马克思主义哲学有一个比较客观、公允的评判。

The advent of philosophical paradigm of Soviet Marxism is not an outcome of someone’s subjective will, but the result in certain historical conditions. And its evaluation cannot be separated from the understanding of the era. The basic contents of Soviet Marxist Philosophy are dialectical materialism and historical materialism, whose fundamental feature is to emphasize its objective, scientific, inevitable and knowable nature. And its social function is to serve the causes of the proletariat and the Party. The contents, the feature and social function are closely linked with Soviet’s unique national conditions and needs of social practice and also the characteristics of national culture. Therefore, it is necessary to place the studies of Soviet Marxist Philosophy in the social, political and cultural context. Only in this way, can we make a relatively objective and fair judgment of Soviet Marxist Philosophy.