溅渣护炉提高炼镍转炉寿命的研究与工业实践

Industrial Practice and Study on Improving Lining Life of Nickel Converter by Slag Splashing

基于金川炼镍生产工艺及炉型特点,开发了卧式侧吹转炉溅渣护炉技术。溅渣模式为一个转炉化渣、另一个转炉溅渣,溅渣气源为空气,调渣剂选用轻烧镁球。工业实践表明,溅渣期间,风眼砖损耗速率降低一半,镍转炉大修炉龄由360炉提高至595炉。溅渣前后炉渣分析表明,溅后渣MgO和Fe2O3含量显著增加,渣中镁铁橄榄石和磁铁矿比例增加,炉渣熔化温度及粘度大幅上升,镍转炉合理溅渣渣系为44%FeO-24%Fe2O3-25%SiO2-7%MgO。溅渣后砖衬表面形成的溅渣层由挂渣层和反应层组成,其中挂渣层包括镁铁橄榄石和磁铁矿,反应层为镁铁固溶体和镁铬铝铁尖晶石。

Based on characteristics of process technique and furnace profile in Jinchuan nickel smelting converter,horizontal side-blown converter slag splashing technology was developed.The model was combined by melting in one converter and splashing in another one.The blowing gas was air and the slag refiner was light burning magnesia.Industrial trial practices showed that during the splashing the corrosion rate of tuyuere brick decreased by half and the life span of nickel converter increased from 360 to 595 heats.The analysis of slag splashing before and after showed that the content of MgO and Fe2O3 increased obviously after slag splashing in which the proportion of Mg-Fe olivine and magnetite increased.The melting temperature and viscosity of the slag raised dramatically and the ideal slag system of nickel converter was 44%FeO-24%Fe2O3-25%SiO2-7%MgO.After slag splashing,the slag splashing layer formed on the surface of brick lining was consisted of sticking layer and reaction layer,in which the sticking layer included Mg-Fe olivine and magnetite,the reaction layer included Mg-Fe solid solution and Mg-Cr-Fe-Al spinel.