发酵菌剂对烟用饼肥降解及肥效的影响

Effects of Different Microbial Agents on Degradation and Fertility of Cake Fertilizer Composted for Tobacco Planting

探讨3种菌剂("爱田1号菌剂"、"神采肥料活性剂"、"BM烟草增香剂")对烟用饼肥腐熟度、氮损失率及蛋白氮降解率的影响,利用"好气培养间歇淋洗法"及幼苗盆栽试验考察相应饼肥短期内(35 d)在土壤中的有机氮矿化率和肥效。结果表明:不同菌剂处理对饼肥腐熟度及蛋白氮降解率存在显著影响,添加"爱田1号菌剂"或"BM烟草增香剂"有利于提高饼肥腐熟度及蛋白氮降解率;与饼粕原料相比较,经腐解制得的饼肥短期内(35 d)在土壤中的有机氮矿化能力和肥效明显提高,但添加"神采肥料活性剂"制得饼肥的有机氮矿化率和肥效相对较低。在堆制烟用饼肥的过程中适当添加"爱田1号菌剂"或"BM烟草增香剂",烟田施用后有利于有机氮的快速释放,减少烟株生长后期由于土壤奢量供氮而影响烟叶适时落黄成熟的风险。

Composting trials were carried to explore the effects of three different microbial agents（Aitian 1# biology ferment,Shencai biology ferment,BM biology ferment） on the composting maturity,protein nitrogen degradation and total N loss of cake fertilizer composted for tobacco planting.Furthermore,the mineralization rate of organic N within 35 days in soil and fertility of cake fertilizer composted with above microbial agents were also studied with incubation trials or pot experiments.The results showed that the composting maturity and protein N degradation rates of cake fertilizer composted with different microbial agents varied widely,which were higher under Aitian 1# biology ferment or BM biology ferment treatment than those under Shencai biology ferment treatment.The mineralization rates of organic N and fertility of the cake fertilizer composted with microbial agents were obviously improved,but the Shencai biology ferment treatment had a less positive effect than the other two microbial agents.So,Aitian 1# biology ferment or BM biology ferment can be used during composting process of cake fertilizer,to accelerate its releasing of organic N in fields and decrease negative effect on the quality and yield of tobacco.