青少年心理创伤特点及干预研究述评

Mental Trauma of Adolescents and Corresponding Interventions

青少年在经历巨大创伤性事件后,内心遭受重创,心理反应表现出独有特点.主要反映在:(1)情感上,抑郁程度重,焦虑情绪高.(2)认知上,对自身及世界的消极认知固着,记忆出现不同程度的障碍,特别是言语记忆受损严重.(3)意志上,表现为更封闭、退缩,生活动力相对缺失,内倾性增大.(4)行为上,易形成各种不良的习惯,同伴间的攻击行为增多.对此可以采用认知行为疗法、精神催眠辅助治疗、症状监控、多维家庭治疗技术等进行干预.

Post-trauma responses of adolescents are of certain unique characteristics： （1） Emotion： high-level anxiety and depression can be observed. （2） Cognition： internal and external negative cognition persists, memory suffers certain degree of impairment, especially in term of the verbal memory. （3） Will： autistic, withdrawn, lacking in living momentum and typical of a stronger introversion tendency. （4） Behavior： adolescents are liable to some unhealthy habits, e. g. , peer bullying and vic- timization. Interventions are comprised of Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Spiritual-Hypnosis Assisted Therapy, Symptom Moni- toring, and Multidimensional Family Therapy etc.