以人为本思想对近代启蒙人学命题的理论超越

Human-orientation Reflects Theoretical Transcendence of Modern Enlightening Human Proposition

在近代以来的中西文明撞击中,以严复和梁启超为代表的先进中国人把西方社会进步的原因归之为人的自主独立,并以此为对照批判封建制度和传统文化对人的摧残和压抑,发出了追求人的解放的呼声,但西方资本主义造成的贫富分化和对自由、平等原则的扭曲,又使他们对资本主义持批判的态度,出现了不同程度的社会主义倾向。他们并没有从理论与实践的结合上解决这一问题。人的解放是现代化的内在要求,如何从理论与实践的结合上认识现代化与社会主义的关系,这在进化论历史观和理性主义的逻辑下是无解的。以人为本的科学发展观从历史与逻辑的统一上把握人的发展与现代化和社会主义选择的关系,实现了近代人学命题的理论破解。

In the crash of Chinese and western civilization since modern times, advanced Chinese like Yan Fu and Liang Qichao as representatives owed western social progress to the people＇s autonomy and independence, which they took as comparison to attack devastation and depression of the feudal sys- tem and the traditional culture, and they issued a call for human＇ s liberation. But the west capitalism which created the differentiation between the rich and the poor, and the distortion of the principle of freedom and equality, caused them to take critical attitude to capitalism and presented socialist tenden- cies on varying degrees. They did not solve the problem from the combination of theory and practice. Human liberation is the inherent requirement of modernization. How to know the relationship between modernization and socialism from the combination of theory and practice is insoluble under evolution conception of history and the logic of rationalism. People-centered scientific concept of development grasps the relationship between human development and modernization and the socialism choice from the unification of history and the logic, and realizes the theoretical solution to modern human proposition.