汤寿潜宪政思想论析——以《宪法古义》为中心的解读

An Analysis of Tang Shouqian's Constitutional Ideology——According to Ancient Meaning of Constitution

汤寿潜是清末民初的著名思想家和立宪派,其一生最大的政治诉求是实现君主立宪政体。1901年汤氏所著的《宪法古义》是近代中国最早宣传宪政主张的著述之一,但学界对其研究尚告阙如。本文重点考证了《宪法古义》的写作缘起及汤氏对宪法、民权的认识。汤氏的宪政思想以及表达方式虽有其局限性,但这是西政东移过程中的重要一环,是中西文化相互碰撞、会通的化生之物。

Tang Shouqian, a well-known thinker and constitutionalist in Late Qing Dynasty and Early Republic of China, appealed for Constitutional Monarchy in his life. The Ancient Meaning of Constitution written by him in 1901, which was one of the earliest works in modern China disseminating constitutional government, centralized his images on constitutional government in the early 20th century. This paper examines both his original intentions of writing this book and his viewpoint to constitution, separation of powers and civil rights. Despite its historical limitations in content and approach, it is worth to explore as a product of conflicting and fusion each other of Chinese and West culture and an important component of process learning political system from the West.