中国南方酸雨的分布特征及其成因分析

Analysis of the Distribution and Causes of Acid Rain in Southern China

本文阐述了酸雨的危害、近几年中国南方地区酸雨的污染的时空分布状况、酸雨的成因等3方面的内容。研究表明:我国南方酸雨区的酸雨污染状况基本上处在一个稳定的时期。降水pH<5的区域有从长江中上游向长江中下游发展的趋势;在时间分布上,秋季冬季降水pH低,酸雨发生的频率高;春季夏季降水pH高,酸雨发生的频率低。在酸雨的成因上,着重讨论了大气性质、污染物的迁移和扩散、气候条件、大气中颗粒物浓度以及土壤性质对酸雨形成的影响。

In this paper three fields were discussed including hazards of acid rain,spatial-temporal distribution of acid rain in recent years in southern China and causes of acid rains.Studies showed that the acid rain pollution is in a relatively stable period in China.The areas where the pH of precipitation less than 5 were developing from upper-middle reach to the middle-lower reach of Yangtze River.As to the temporal distribution of acid rain,the pH of precipitations was low and the frequency was high in autumn and winter,and on the contrary in spring and summer.As to the causes of acid rains,the factors such as atmospheric properties,the migration and proliferation of pollutants,climatic conditions,the concentration of atmospheric particles and the soil properties were discussed.