谶谣与两晋南北朝政治

Chenyao and Politics in the East and West Jin as Well as the North and South Dynasty

两晋南北朝时期的政治生活深受谶谣的影响和支配。从内容看,当时的谶谣主要分为预见总体政治形势、预测具体政治事件、预言特定政治人物三种类型。从实践看,谶谣不但在政治决策、劝谏君王、改朝换代、民间抗争、确立年号、任官选将方面发挥着重要作用,同时还发展成为政治斗争的预警手段和另类武器。作为一种常见的言论标签,谶谣能够盛行,离不开谶与谣各自的特点、社会的普遍心态以及观风察谣的政治传统。

The political life in the East and West Jin as Well as the North and South Dynasty was deeply influenced or controlled by Chenyao(political prophecy in ancient China,usually in the form of ballad).In contents,Chenyao could be mainly classified into three types,namely to foretell overall political situation;to predict specific political issues;to prophesy given political figures.In practice,Chenyao played important role in many aspects such as policy-making,remonstrating emperors,changing dynasties and so on.In the meantime,it was developed into a kind of warning method and a special arm of political struggles.As a common expression label,the prevalence of Chenyao was indispensible to characteristics of Chen and Yao,prevalent psychology of the society,and the political tradition of detecting Chenyao.