麦蓝菜的花粉母细胞减数分裂及核型分析

Karyotype Analysis and Meiotic Observations of Pollen Mother Cells in Vaccaria segetalis(Neck.) Garcke

采用压片法,对麦蓝菜的花粉母细胞减数分裂及体细胞核型进行了研究。结果表明,麦蓝菜的绝大多数花粉母细胞减数分裂中染色体的行为正常,在终变期同源染色体配对后可形成15个二价体;在少数花粉母细胞减数分裂中观察到落后染色体、染色体桥等异常行为;其减数分裂为同时型,其花粉粒育性为88.04%。麦蓝菜的染色体数目为2n=2X=30,核型公式为K(2n)=2X=30=22m(2SAT)+8 sm,染色体相对长度组成为2n=16M2+14M1,其核型为"1A"型。

The meiosis of pollen mother cells and karyotype analyzed for the Vaccaria segetalis（Neck.） Garcke by applying squash method.The result showed that chromosomes of most pollen mother cells were paired as 15 bivalents at diakinesis.In a few（minority）pollen mother cells Lagging chromosome and chromosomal bridge were founded during meiosis.The meiotic division belongs to the simultaneous type,and the stainability of the pollen grains was 88.04%.The chromosome number was 2n=30 and karyotype formula was K（2n）=2X=30=22m（2SAT）＋8sm,with constitution of relative length being 2n=16M2＋14M1,and karyotype type belonging to ＂1A＂.