农业基础设施建设项目中应用影子收费模式研究

Application of Shadow Tolling on Rural Infrastructure Construction

针对我国农业基础设施建设多元化的融资模式的需要,指出影子收费(shadow tolling,ST)模式既能有效缓解财政转移支付压力,又能为社会资金提供低风险的投资渠道,特别适用于我国的农业道路、水利基础设施建设。介绍了影子收费模式"授予设计-建设-融资-运营特许权"的运作结构。制定了基于服务量(交通流量或灌溉面积)的农业基础设施建设项目影子收费的基本结构,并指出其不足及优化思路。提出了影子收费模式应用的建议:完善相关政策法规;建立相关的统计机制及数据库;以审慎的原则开展项目招标;抑制社会投资主体的"道德风险"。

Considering frastructure, this paper construction of rural roa po ds the needs for various financing patterns in the construction of agricultural inints out that Shadow Tolling （ST） pattern is particularly applicable to the and water conservation infrastructure in China, because ST model can effectively alleviate the pressure of the fiscal transfer payment and provide low risk investment channels for social capital. After introducing the Design-Build- Finance-Operate（DBFO）structure of ST, this paper proposes the basic structure of ST for rural infrastructure construction project based on service flow （traffic flow or irrigation area）, as well as its deficiency and improving methods. As to the application of ST pattern, this paper puts forward the following suggestions： perfecting related policies and laws, establishing relevant statistics mechanism and data base, inviting public bidding with prudential principles and depressing the ＂moral hazard＂ of social investment subject.