中日摄取伯伦知理国家有机体论之比较——以加藤弘之与梁启超为例

A Comparison on Chinese and Japanese Absorptions of Bluntchli's State Organic Theory—A Focus on Kato Hiroyuki and Liang Qichao

加藤弘之与梁启超对伯伦知理的国家有机体学说的摄取各有特色。加藤主要吸收的是伯伦知理的国家法人主权学说及其内在隐含的君主主权观念;梁氏主要关注的则是伯氏提出的以实证主义历史研究方法为基础的国家生成、发达、衰亡的基本规律。二者摄取伯伦知理国家有机体学说的特色反映了中日两国面临的不同问题以及文化传统的基本差异。

Kato Hiroyuki's and Liang Qichao's absorptions of Bluntchli's theory of social organism had their own characteristics.Kato mainly focused on Bluntchli's doctrine of sovereign rights of state as a legal institution and its implied idea of monarchical sovereignty.Liang was more concerned with Bluntchli's views on essential laws of state's formation,development and decline,based on his positivistic method of historical research.Their distinctive features reflected then different problems confronted by China and Japan and basic differences between their cultural traditions.