我国农村地区的技术进步——基于空间计量经济学

Technological Progress in Rural Areas:Based on Spatial Econometrics

利用1999—2008年广东省的市域数据,基于空间面板模型对其农村地区的技术进步模式进行了实证分析。结果显示:该地区的农村技术具有明显的空间相关性,且这种空间相关性随经济发展有逐渐增强的趋势;农村技术进步的途径主要有三种,即区域内农村研发创新、城市先进技术溢出以及农村地区间技术扩散;以农村投资为代表的"干中学"以及农村地区间的技术扩散是农村技术进步的主要动力;受农村吸收能力弱等因素的限制,城市先进技术溢出较其他两种途径对农村技术进步的影响较小,但仍是农村技术进步的重要来源。最后提出,加强农村科技投入,提高农村自主研发和创新能力,提高农村地区的消化、吸收能力以及促进农村地区间的技术扩散,是解决"三农"问题的重要渠道。

Using the city-level data about Guangdong province during 1999-2008,this paper analyzes empirially the mode of technological progress in rural areas by the spatial pannal model.The result shows as follows：technological progress in rural areas has significant spatial correlation,and this trend is gradually increasing with the development of economy;there are three ways of technological progress in rural areas,namely the RD and innovation in internal rural areas,technology spillover from urban areas and technology diffusion among rural areas;＇learning by doing＇ in the agricultural sector and technology diffusion among rural areas are the main driving forces of technological progress,and the spillover of advanced technology from urban areas lacks the stability because of the weak absorptive capacity of rural areas.Therefore,strengthening the investment in agricultural science and technology,enhancing the independent research and innovation ability and improving the absorption capacity and promoting technology diffusion among rural areas are the applicable paths to solve the issues of rural economy,rural development and rural demography.