作为基本权的劳动权国家保护义务

Nation's Protective Obligation towards the Right to Work as Basic Right

劳动权国家保护义务存在不同的审查基准,在审查"国家如何尽其保护义务"时,应以"过度禁止"作为侵害的界限,以"不足禁止"作为保护的底线;在审查"国家应保护到什么程度"时,应以自由权为上限,以人性尊严为下限;劳动权国家保护义务还需以以法治国、比例原则为基准。劳动权国家保护义务涉及"加害者—受害者—国家"三方关系,容易使一方受益而另一方受损,因此保护义务亦存在一定的界限。

Nation＇ s protective obligation towards the right to work has different criterion for different investigations ：when investigating ＂how the nation fulfill the protective obligation＂, the critical point bordering on infringement should be ＂over - prohibition＂, the bottom line for protection is ＂not enough prohibition＂ ; when investigating ＂to what a degree should the nation offer protection＂, the ceiling should be the right to freedom and the lower limit should be the human dignity ; Nation＇ s protective obligation towards the right to work is also required to have principle of proportion as criterion, to practically carry out the obligation of law -making, law- practicing and law- interpreting.