高住高练低训:技能主导类同场对抗性球类项目运动员提高体能的新方法

HiHiLo-Effective training method for improving physique of ball game players

对足球、篮球、橄榄球等技能主导类同场对抗性球类项目运动员高原训练的利弊进行了分析,发现高原训练对球类运动员的有氧、无氧运动能力的提高有一定的作用,但对骨骼肌的工作能力有负面影响,地心引力的下降、空气密度的减少也会影响动作技能及球感。而高住高练低训(living high-exercisehigh-training low,HiHiLo)不仅能够达到提高机体的有氧、无氧运动能力的目的,并且由于是在平原训练,运动员的球感、技能不会受地理环境的影响,因此是一种比较理想的提高该类项目运动员体能的训练方法。

This paper reviewed the advantages and disadvantages of altitude training for enhancing the physique of the ball game players.It was found that altitude training could improve the aerobic and anaerobic ability of the players but had negative effects on muscular ability,motor skills and ball sense due to the changes in hypoxia,gravity and air density.HiHiLo might be the preferable method for improving conditioning of ball game players,which had good effects on aerobic and anaerobic ability and decreased the altitude induced undesirable effects on motor skills and ball sense.