原始儒学“天人观”中的人文思想

On Humanistic Spirit of Notion of Heaven and Man in Primitive Confucianism

"天人观"是原始儒学理论体系中的重要范畴,对天人关系的探讨涉及群己关系、力命关系、义利关系等。原始儒学在"天人观"上的一个重大转向,就是从商周宗教意义的"神学"到人本取向的"人学"的转化,延续并发展了周初出现的"人文精神"。在"人文精神"背景下,原始儒学"天人观"中还蕴涵了民本思想、平等观念、生态伦理等现代精神以及人格修养境界理论等。这些都是儒学进行现代性转换的关键。

The Notion of Heaven and Man constitutes an important domain in the theoretical system of primitive Confucianism, and the discussion of the relation between heaven and man involves the analy-sis of relations between group and individual, ability and destiny, justice and interests. A significant change in this aspect of primitive Confucianism is the transformation from ＂Divinity studies＂ with reli- gious meanir^g of the Shang and Zhou dynasties to people-oriented ＂human studies＂, and this transfor- mation continues and develops ＂the humanistic spirit＂ of the early Zhou Dynasty. Against the background of ＂the humanistic spirit＂, the Notion of Heaven and Man of primitive Confucianism contains modern spirit like people-based thought, ideal of equality and ecological ethics and the theory about the state of personality cultivation, and all these are the crux for Confucian studies to realize its mod- ernistic transformation.