大学生英语爆破音习得探寻性实验研究

Pilot Study of Acquisition of English Plosives by Chinese College Students

语音、词汇、语法是语言的三要素,其中语音是首要,离开了语音,任何人都无法进行正常的语言习得和口语交际。采用探寻性语音实验研究方法,调查在校大学生在英语爆破音上的习得情况,结果显示:受试的总体习得准确率达到87%,习得最好的是/d/(92%),最差的是/p/(82%);受试的爆破音习得准确率因目标音段的语境不同而呈现波动,总体上是词首和词中语境的准确率大幅度高于词尾语境,表明他们在词尾爆破音的习得上存在较普遍的发音困难。综合所有的发音问题,发现四类典型错误,即音位有误、清浊不分、词首清爆破音送气不足以及词尾清浊爆破音失去爆破不到位加//增音现象。这对大学英语语音教学和学生的语音矫正具有启示和指导意义。

This paper reports a pilot experimental study of the acquisition of English plosives by 30 Chinese college students. The results reveal that their overall percentage of acurate acquisition of Eng-lish plosives amounts to 87%with/d/ranking top （92%） and/p/ranking bottom （82%）, and that their acurate acquisition rate varies according to the phonetic contexts in which the target segments are located, specifically, their acurate acquisition rate of English plosives is much higher in word-initial and word-medial contexts than in word-final context, indicating great difficulties for Chinese college students to acquire word-final English plosives. Among all their errors, four typical patterns are found, insufficient aspiration of word-initial voiceless plosives, full release plus schwa/a/of word-final plosives, wrong place of articulation as well as wrong realization of voicing. These findings provide pedogogical implications for English phonetics teaching and pronunciation rectification in Chinese college classrooms.