不同温度下米象的运动行为研究

STUDY ON THE MOVEMENT BEHAVIOR OF SITOPHILUS ORYZEA (LINNAEUS) AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES

分别在10℃、15℃、20℃、25℃、30℃、35℃的温度环境中观察了米象成虫在无粮平面和铺有小麦的粮面上的爬行速度,检测了前述不同温度的等温条件下竖直小麦粮柱体内米象自下向上的移动速度,以及小麦粮柱体内上下温差13～40℃的情况下米象自下向上的移动速度和分布情况.主要结果为:米象成虫的爬行起始温度为10℃,在无粮平面上成虫爬行速度随温度升高的回归方程为y=2.841x-30.313,在铺有小麦平面上的相应回归方程为y=0.916 9x-9.189 9.在等温小麦粮柱体内,米象上移速度随温度增加的回归方程为y=0.030 2x-0.277 8,下移速度随温度变化的回归方程为y=0.026 1x-0.252.在存在温差的小麦粮柱内,22～31℃范围内米象分布数量显著地多,34～40℃和22～13℃区段分布数量显著地少.结果表明,10℃以上时,温度升高,米象平面移动速率加快,且在有粮平面上的移动速率明显低于无粮平面;米象在粮堆中适宜移动的温度为22～31℃.

We observed the crawling speed of Sitophilus oryzea adults on the plane covered with wheat or not at 10 ℃, 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃, 30 ℃ and 35 ℃, respectively; and we also detected the movement speed of Sitophilus oryzea in a vertical round isothermal wheat simulating bin （diameter 16 cm and height 200 cm） from bottom to top in the above temperature environments, and detected the movement speed and the distribution of Sitophilus oryzea in the wheat bin with the temperature difference of 13 to 40 ℃. The results showed that, at the start crawling temperature of 10 ℃, the crawling speed of the adults on the plane not covered with wheat changed with the temperature, with the regression equation of y=2.841x-30.313; and the regression equation on the plane covered with wheat was y=0.916 9x-9.189 9. In the isothermal wheat bin, the regression equation of the movement speed of insect from bottom to top and the temperature was y=0.030 2x-0.277 8, and the regression equation of the movement speed of insect from top to bottom and the temperature was y=0.026 1x-0.252. In the wheat bin with temperature difference, the number of adults increased significantly in the temperature range of 22 to 31 ℃, and decreased significantly in the temperature range of 34 to 40 ℃ and 22 to 13 ℃. The results showed that the plane movement speed of the adults increased when the temperature rose above 10 ℃, and the movement speed on the plane with wheat was lower than that on the plane without wheat; and the proper movement temperature of the adults in the wheat was 22 to 31 ℃.