足球专项训练不同时段运动员能力特征研究

Research on Players' Capacity Characteristics in the Different Periods Football Special Training

以中超成都谢菲联队和四川足球俱乐部的35名队员为研究对象,对运动员在不同时段由于剧烈运动所产生的疲劳对其运动技术能力的影响进行分析研究。将运动员在足球训练对抗赛课前、课中(45分钟训练后)和课后(90分钟训练后)短距离冲刺、之字形运球奔跑能力和射门得分能力进行测试,将所得到的数据进行统计分析,得出:(1)在经过45分钟的对抗训练后,运动员的短距离冲刺能力以及运球跑动能力受到的影响不显著,而运动员射门得分能力受到的影响明显;(2)90分钟对抗训练后足球运动员的冲刺能力和运球能力与课中相比有显著性下降,射门能力90分钟后与45分钟后相比没有显著性差别;(3)为了提高竞技能力,除了要加强体能耐力训练外,还要延缓射门技术下降的现象,可以通过对运动员进行注意力集中方面的专门训练来改善。

The paper analyzes and researches the inlfuence of athletes＇fatigue generated by vigorous exercise in dif-erent periods their technical ability. 35 players from Chengdu Blades F.C. and Sichuan football club are tested for their sprinting, zigzag dribbling and scoring ability in their scrimmages before class, during class （45 minutes after training） and after class （90 minutes after sprint training）. The concerning statistics is analyzed, with the conclusion indicating： （1） after 45 minutes of scrimmage, the players are not significantly affected in their sprinting and dribbling ability, while their scoring ability is obviously affected; （2） after 90 minutes of scrimmage, the players＂ sprinting and dribbling ability is significantly decreased compared with the ability during the training lesson while their scoring ability after 90 and 45 minutes shows no significant difference ; （ 3 ） in order to improve their competitive ability, the decrease of scoring ablity should be delayed in addition to strengthening their physical stamina training, which can achieved by means of concentration training.