我国硝酸、硝酸铵行业现状及发展趋势——在2011年硝酸硝铵行业工作会上的讲话

Present Status of Nitric Acid and Ammonium Nitrate Industry in China and Development Trend——A Speech at Working Conference on Nitric Acid and Ammonium Nitrate Industry in 2011

我国硝酸生产以双加压法工艺为主。2010年,我国硝酸产能9 600 kt,产量7 923 kt(实物量),浓硝酸产量2 356 kt;硝酸铵产能6 000 kt,产量4 200 kt。硝酸主要下游产品在今后几年内将保持稳定增长,预计未来5年对硝酸的需求年均增长率为7.7%,至2015年用于工业生产的硝酸量将达3 600 kt;随着我国民爆行业产品升级、化肥复合化率提高、硝基复合肥所占比重增大,对硝酸铵的需求也将有较大增长,至2015年硝酸铵产能将达到10 000 kt/a,需硝酸7 900 kt/a。预计3年内我国硝酸产能将达15 000 kt/a,在淘汰落后产能的条件下,仍将有2 000 kt/a产能富余,为此提出了促进硝酸、硝酸铵行业健康发展的建议。

The production of nitric acid in China is mainly based on the dual pressure process. In 2010 the capacity of nitric acid in China was 9 600 kt, the output 7 923 kt （product） , and the output of concentrated nitric acid 2 356 kt. The capacity of ammonium nitrate was 6 000 kt, and its output 4 200 kt. The chief downstream products of nitric acid will continue to grow steadily in the next few years, and it is expected that in the next 5 years the demand for nitric acid will increase by 7.7% a year on the average. By 2015 nitric acid for industrial production will reach 3 600 kt. With the upgrading of the products from the industry for explosives for civil use, increase in the output of compound fertilizers, and rise in the proportion of nitro compound fertilizers, the demand for ammonium nitrate will grow by a large margin. By 2015 the capacity of ammonium nitrate will attain 10 000 kt/a, requiring 7 900 kt/a of nitric acid. In three years the capacity of nitric acid in China will be 15 000 kt/a. Under the conditions of elimination of backward capacity, there is still a surplus of 2 000 kt/a, so suggestions are proposed for the promotion of the sound development of the nitric acid and ammonium nitrate industry.