欧洲云杉的扦插基质选择和穗条效应研究

Research on media selection and cutting effects in the cuttage of Picea abies

以欧洲云杉6年生母树为采穗母株,系统研究了不同插穗条件对生根和幼苗生长的响应,同时观测了网袋容器基质配比对扦插幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：扦插后20 d愈伤组织开始形成,37 d时根尖开始出现,50-65 d是生根的高峰期和根系发育期,65 d时扦插苗根系基本形成。不同基质对欧洲云杉插穗生根率影响达到极显著水平,1份泥炭＋2份炭化稻壳是进行欧洲云杉扦插的理想基质。插穗条件对生根成苗影响显著,一级侧枝的生根率高达100%,带顶芽的插穗的生根率显著高于不带顶芽的插穗,5-10 cm长的插穗是扦插的适宜插穗长度。插穗年龄和位置效应明显,1、2龄插穗和母树中部的插穗,扦插成活率高,成活苗根系发达、健壮。不同插穗条件欧洲云杉扦插苗经过1年培育,它们的生长量变化较大,这与插穗自身健康状况有关。

Using six-year-old Picea abies as ortets,a systematic study was conducted on the response of different cutting conditions to rooting and growth of cutting,the effect of media in degradable containers on the cutting growth was observed at the same time.The results showed that the formation of callosity was started to form at 20 d after propagated,the root tip was appeared at 37 d,the time between 50-65 d was the fatigue of rooting and the development period of root system,the root system was formed basically when 65 d.There was extremely significant differences of rooting rates among different media,peat＋ char rice husk（1∶2） was the ideal medium for P.abies cutting propagation.The cutting conditions had significant effect on the formation of root and seedling,the rooting rate of the primary lateral branch could reach 100%.The rooting rate of the cuttings with top bud was higher than that of the cuttings without top bud.The optimum cutting length was 5-10 cm.The cutting age and position effect were distinct,the cuttings of one or two-year-old from mother tree middle part had high cutting survival rate and the roots of survival seedlings were upgrowth and haleness.The cutting seedlings propagated from different cutting conditions were cultivated for one year,and they exhibited great variations in mass growth,which was related with the cuttings health.