三轮玉蝶梅花朵挥发性成分的分析

Analysis of volatile compounds from Prunus mume flowers

以三轮玉蝶梅为材料,采用顶空-固相微萃取与气相色谱-质谱联用技术从5个开花阶段、24 h不同时段和花器官不同部位共鉴定了33种挥发性成分,其中苯基/苯丙烷类化合物占优,还有少量脂肪酸衍生物类和萜烯类化合物。三轮玉蝶梅花朵在不同开花阶段和24 h内不同时段释放的挥发性成分的种类、含量和出现频率有较大的差异。在不同开花阶段,苯基/苯丙烷类化合物数量从低-高-低的趋势,脂肪酸衍生物从低-高的趋势,萜烯类化合物从高-低的趋势;在24 h内不同时段,三类化合物释放的节律不同,苯基/苯丙烷类化合物、脂肪酸衍生物和萜烯类化合物分别在2:00、14:00和6:00达到最高,这表明梅花挥发物的释放具有多种调节模式。花器官不同部位挥发性成分的释放具有器官的特异性。

The floral volatiles emitted at five stages of flower development,different time during 24 h periods and isolated flower parts of Prunus mume cv.Sanlun Yudie flower were investigated using headspace solid-phase microextraction（HS-SPME） and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）.Thirty-three volatile compounds were identified.Dominant compound classes were benzenoids/phenylpropanoids from shikimic acid pathway,but fatty acid derivates and isoprenoids were also present.Different organs,different stages and 24 h periods from Prunus mume flower had overall different volatile profiles,including the amount,content and frequency of compounds.Three emission trends of numbers from these volatiles compounds were observed at the five blossom stages.Emission of benzenoids/phenylpropanoids was low-high-low,while that of fatty acid derivates showed a low-high pattern.Numbers of isoprenoids showed a high-low trend.There were three emission rhythms from volatile compounds during 24 h periods,the most contents from benzenoids/phenylpropanoids,fatty acid derivates and isoprenoids was found at 2：00,14：00 and 6：00 respectively.There were distinct different volatile compounds among excising floral parts.