野生三斑石斑鱼肌肉营养成分与品质的评价

Evaluation of Nutrient Components and Nutritive Quality in the Muscle of Wild Epinephelus trimaculatus

[目的]通过对三斑石斑鱼肌肉营养成分和品质的评价来评估其开发与利用价值,为培养优良的石斑鱼品种奠定基础。[方法]对6尾野生三斑石斑鱼肌肉中的水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分、氨基酸和脂肪酸进行分析,并对其营养品质进行了评价。[结果]野生三斑石斑鱼肌肉(鲜样)中水分、粗灰分、粗蛋白和粗脂肪的质量分数分别为77.97%、1.30%、20.07%和0.94%。肌肉中含有18种氨基酸,总量(质量分数,干样)为86.50%,其中8种必需氨基酸(EAA)总量为37.87%,占氨基酸总量的43.76%,其必需氨基酸的构成比例符合联合国粮农组织/世界卫生组织(FAO/WHO)的标准。三斑石斑鱼的第一限制性氨基酸为色氨酸,必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)为82.36,4种鲜味氨基酸(DAA)总量(质量分数,干样)为32.53%。脂肪酸中EPA与DHA质量分数分别为3.17%和4.85%,矿物质含量丰富。[结论]三斑石斑鱼具有较高的食用价值与保健作用。

[Objective]The research aimed to evaluate the development and utilization values of Epinephelus trimaculatus through the evaluation of its nutrient components and nutritive quality and lay the foundation for breeding excellent cultivars of Epinephelus trimaculatus.[Method]The moisture content,crude protein,crude fat,ash,amino acids and fatty acids in muscle of six wild E.trimaculatus were analyzed and its nutritive quality was evaluated.[Result]The mass fraction of moisture content,crude ash,crude protein and crude fat in the fresh muscles of wild E.trimaculatus were 77.97%,1.30%,20.07% and 0.94% respectively.Eighteen kinds of amino acids were found in muscle of E.trimaculatus and the total content in dry samples（mass fraction） was 86.50%.Among them,the total content of 8 essential amino acids（EAA） was 37.87%,which occupied 43.76% of the total content of amino acids.The constitutional ratio of the essential amino acids met the standards of Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization（FAO/WHO）.The first limiting amino acid of E.trimaculatus was Trp.The essential amino acids index（EAAI） was 82.36,the total content of four kinds of delicious amino acids in dry samples（mass fraction） was 32.53%.The mass fraction of EPA and DHA in fatty acids were 3.17% and 4.85% respectively.The mineral elements were rich in E.trimaculatus.[Conclusion]E.trimaculatus has higher food value and health care value.