四川省少数民族地区非物质文化遗产的乡村旅游开发理论与实践——以黑水卡斯达温为例

Rural Tourism Development Theory and Practice of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Rural Minority Areas of Sichuan Province

介绍了非物质文化遗产旅游开发的研究现状,提出我国少数民族地区的非物质文化遗产旅游开发的市场空白。根据笔者参与的黑水卡斯达温国家级非物质文化遗产调查采访活动,采用访谈法、问卷调查法等调查方法进行黑水卡斯达温非物质文化遗产相关的调查研究,得出游客对卡斯达温非物质文化遗产旅游开发认知度极低;游客市场需求多层次化;四川省非物质文化遗产整体认知度低,缺乏相关宣传;游客更倾向于亲自参与的非物质文化遗产旅游产品等结论。基于此,笔者分析了黑水县非物质文化旅游资源的特点,将其归纳为浓郁的民族特色和独特的文化遗产,从这两项资源特点出发,提出主打"卡斯达温"牌的黑水旅游开发模式,改变原有的自然景观旅游无文化的旅游现状,增加黑水旅游的文化品位和层次,从硬件上、软件上进行文化功能和文化产业布局,配以其他类型资源布局,旨在抛砖引玉,为我国少数民族地区非物质文化遗产的乡村旅游开发提供理论参考。

Researches on the tourism development of intangible cultural heritage were introduced,and market gaps in the tourism development of intangible cultural heritage in rural minority areas of China were proposed.On the basis of investigation and interview the author participated in about Kasidawen in Heishui County,a National-level Intangible Cultural Heritage,interview and questionnaire survey were adopted in this study,and the following problems were concluded：tourists having only limited knowledge about tourism development of Kasidawen;multilayered demands of tourist market;intangible cultural heritage of Sichuan Province as a whole is not widely-known because of insufficient publicity;tourists preferring to tourist products that they participated in.Characteristics of intangible cultural heritage in Heishui County were summarized as strong national characteristics and unique cultural heritage,on the basis of which the＂Kasidawen-based＂Tourism Development Mode was proposed to change its present condition of＂having only natural landscapes but no cultural connotation＂,and improve the cultural taste and level of tourism development in Heishui County,by arranging cultural functions and industries from the perspectives of both hardware and software facilities,and taking other types of resources as the supplement,useful theoretical references were given for rural tourism development of intangible cultural heritages in minority areas of China.