棉粕制取生物柴油的研究

Research on the Preparation of the Bio-diesel from the Cotton-seed Meal

[目的]研究棉粕浸提棉籽油来制备生物柴油的工艺。[方法]以棉粕浸取棉籽油为原料,研究了不同溶剂、浸提时间、提取温度、浸提溶剂与棉粕质量比对提取率的影响,以及反应时间、醇油物质的量比和催化剂用量对酯交换的影响。[结果]浸提棉籽油的最佳工艺条件为:以环己烷:甲醇(3:1)混合液为溶剂,浸提温度60℃,浸提时间4h,溶剂与棉粕质量比为4:1(ml:g),此时棉粕油的提取率为99.6%。最佳酯交换反应条件为:以KOH为催化剂,反应时间60min,醇油物质的量比7:1,催化剂用量1.2%,此条件下的生物柴油收率可达96.9%。[结论]为棉粕的综合利用以及生物柴油的制备提供了一定的技术支持。

[Objective]The extraction technology of the bio-diesel from the cottonseed oil from its meal was experimented.[Method]cottonseed meal cottonseed oil as raw material leaching,The effect of different solvents,extraction times and temperatures,and the ratio of the extraction solvent to cottonseed meal on the extraction efficiency cotton-seed oil and also the effect of the reaction time,the molar ratio of alcohol to oil and the amount of catalyst on the ester exchange were researched.[Result]The best process for cottonseed oil-extracting was：the mixture of cyclohexane and methanol（3：1） was taken as solvent;the extraction temperature,60 ℃;the extraction time,4 hours;and the mass ratio of solvent to cottonseed meal,4：1;under which condition,the extraction rate of cotton-seed oil was 99.6%.The optimum condition for ester exchange was：the KOH was used as catalyst;the reaction time,60 minutes;the molar ratio of methanol to oil,7：1 and the amount of catalyst,1.2% ;under which condition,the bio-diesel yield was 96.9%.[Conclusion]All those provided technical support for the preparation of bio-diesel and comprehensive utilization of cotton-seed.