毛泽东对《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》实践观的“批评”

Mao Zedong's Criticism on Pragmatism in Thesen über Feuerbach

毛泽东《驳第三次"左"倾路线》第四部分强调:不认识世界就不能改造世界,马克思并不否认"自由是必然的认识";不懂得从改造世界中去认识世界,就不是一个好的马克思主义者;要从中国的具体实际和实践认识中国革命的规律。毛泽东强调认识的先决性和主题的永恒性,和马克思《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》大有异趋,是对后者实践观的"批评"。毛泽东讲的认识是对世界的重新认识,对理论的重新理解,就是解放思想和与时俱进。认识和实践是双向互动、无限循环的关系,共同构成自由的尺度,用"公式"表示就是"实践—认识—实践—认识—"。

In the fourth part of A Refutation on the 3rd Leftism,Mao Zedong affirmed that one cannot reform the world without understanding it,even Marx never denied that freedom is the understanding of necessity;those who neglect understanding the world through reforming it are not qualified Marxists;and law is discovered on specific reality and action.His affirmation of the priority of understanding is in fact criticism on Thesen über Feuerbach.Understanding the world connotates a new understanding of the world,and of theory,namely,emancipating the mind and marching ahead with the times.According to him,understanding and practice bear the relation of mutual exchange and perpetual recycle,which constitute together the stickyard of freedom,expressed by the formula ＂ practice-understanding-practice-reunderstanding＂It is a bidirectional exchange and perpetual recycle between understanding and action which together constitute the yard of freedom.